Sports Physical: What to Expect

Every student athlete should get a full physical examination – also known as a pre-participation evaluation – before the sports season begins. The physical is so important, most states require it, but even if a sports physical isn’t required, doctors still recommend getting one if you are active in any sports.

What does the typical pre-participation evaluation consist of?

Most sports physicals consist of two main components – the medical history review and the physical exam. 

Many physicians will provide paperwork in advance for parents to complete regarding the child’s health history, as well as immediate family members. The paperwork typically includes questions about the following: 

• medical problems that run in the family
• medical problems and illnesses that the child has, such as asthma, diabetes, COVID-19, or sickle cell trait
• previous hospitalizations or surgeries
• allergies (to insect bites, for example)
• past injuries (including concussions, sprains, or broken bones)
• whether the child has ever passed out, felt dizzy, had chest pain, or had trouble breathing during exercise
• any medicines the child is taking (including over-the-counter medications, dietary supplements, and prescription medications)

During the visit, the doctor will review the information with the child and the parent, ask any necessary questions, and discuss any potential issues. 

The physician will also typically ask questions to boys about testicle pain or problems, and girls will be asked about their menstrual cycles. Doctors might also ask the student about vaping/tobacco/alcohol use, and it is important for the student to be honest. 

Next, the physical exam will begin. The physical portion of the visit typically includes:

During the physical exam, the doctor will usually:

• record height and weight
• check blood pressure and pulse (heart rate and rhythm)
• test vision
• check heart and lungs
• examine muscles, bones, and joints

This visit is also the student athlete’s chance to ask questions about health and diet.

Students are encouraged to complete the pre-participation physical at least six weeks before the sports season begins, so there is time for further testing or treatment if something is found. 

Schedule your child’s physical with Kids Central Pediatrics by booking online.